Charles Darwin, 19th century English naturalist, (1900).Artist: Elliott & Fry

Charles Darwin, 19th century English naturalist, (1900). Darwin (1809-1882) started his career on board the HMS 'Beagle' and spent six years surveying the South American seas. He is remembered for his momentous contributions to biology and as the originator of the theory of evolution. His most famous work, The Origin of the Species by Means of Natural Selection, was published in 1859. A print from The Life and Times of Queen Victoria, by Robert Wilson, Volume IV, Cassell and Company, London, Paris, New York, Melbourne, 1900. (Photo by The Print Collector/Print Collector/Getty Images)